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Mis/Disinformation (aka Fake News): Fake News

This guide will explain the differences between misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation. It will also provide examples and resources on how to check if a source is credible.

Fake News and Digital Media Literacy

What is misinformation and disinformation? How does it affect our daily lives? Misinformation and deception are nothing new, but each generation faces new challenges in evaluating new forms of information for facts and accuracy. The rise of the Internet and social media has made checking source credibility particularly challenging. 

According to the Library of Congress, fake news is "news stories, disinformation, and hoaxes published online, often through social media, that are deliberately written to attract and mislead readers by exploiting entrenched bias."

As consumers of online media and information, we can combat fake news through close reading and critical analysis. 

What's the difference?

Misinformation are unintentional mistakes such as inaccurate photo captions, dares, statistics, translations, or when satire is taken seriously. 

Disinformation is fabricated and deliberately manipulated audio/visual content. It can also be intentionally created conspiracy theories or rumors. 

Malinformation is the deliberate publication of private information for personal or corporate rather than public interest, such as revenge porn. It is also the deliberate change of context, date or time of genuine content. 

Research Services and Information Literacy Librarian

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McKenna Jacquemet
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Research Services and Information Literacy Librarian
Faculty Librarian

Schewe Library
Illinois College
1101 West College Ave
Jacksonville, IL 62650
217.245.3117