Library Guides: Citation: How to Cite

Citing AI

If you choose to use generative AI tools for course assignments, academic work, or other forms of published writing, you should give special attention to how you acknowledge and cite the output of those tools in your work. You should always check with your instructor before using AI for coursework.

Do cite or acknowledge the outputs of generative AI tools when you use them in your work. This includes direct quotations and paraphrasing, as well as using the tool for tasks like editing, translating, idea generation, and data processing.
Do not use sources that are cited by AI tools without reading those sources yourself. There are two different reasons for this:
- Generative AI tools can create fake citations.
- These tools may cite a real piece of writing, but the cited content may be inaccurate.
Be flexible in your approach to citing AI-generated content, because emerging guidelines will always lag behind the current state of technology, and the way that technology is applied. If you are unsure of how to cite something, include a note in your text that describes how you used a certain tool.
When in doubt, remember that we cite sources for two primary purposes: first, to give credit to the author or creator; and second, to help others locate the sources you used in your research. Use these two concepts to help make decisions about using and citing AI-generated content.

Purdue OWL AI Citation Guide - useful for citing MLA, APA, and Chicago style

Schewe Library's Citation Guides & Official Handbooks + Manuals

Click on an image below to view Schewe Library's citation guides.

Click on an image below to access the official handbooks and manuals for the APA, MLA, and Chicago styles.

Sample Papers

Click below to see sample papers from the MLA, APA, and Chicago styles.

MLA	APA	Chicago
Example 1	Example 1	Example 1
Example 2	Example 2	Example 2
Example 3	Example 3	Example 3

Sample Annotated Bibliography in the MLA 9 Style

How Do I Create a Hanging Indent?

Hanging Indent Example for Google Docs and Word
This video shows you how to create a hanging indent for your citations in Google Docs and Word

IEEE (Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers) Citation

The following links will help you to cite in IEEE citation style which is most commonly used in Engineering.

CSE (Council of Science Editors) Citation

If you are using CSE citation, you may find that many databases do not auto-generate this citation style. Zotero (both the downloadable and web-based version) does have CSE as an option or you can write out the citation by hand. Below are some resources to help you understand CSE citation style and it's rules:

CSE Citation Style Quick Guide

CSE Citation Style In-Text and Reference

Comparing Different In-Text Citation Styles With CSE